Aliwal North is situated on the border between the Free State and Easten Cape in South Africa. Sir Harry Smith (Governor of the Cape) named it Aliwal North to commemorate the famous battle in which he defeated the Sikhs of India in 1846.
Aliwal
North lies on a strategic ford on the Orange
River which was used by the Bushmen and the Voortrekkers. This was upgraded
with a pontoon in 1872. The town developed simultaneously as a health resort
and transport centre with the railway from East London reaching the town in
1885. This prompted rapid development as a commercial centre for the north-eastern
region of the British colony. Later the town suffered a severe setback when
the railway extended to the Free State, by-passed Aliwal North.
Aliwal North is still the centre of a prosperous farming community whose main products are wool, maize, wheat, beef and dairy. The town’s principle assets are two popular hot mineral springs, which have extremely high concentrates of minerals and gases. The concentrate of gas is so high that the first restaurant built here was able to maintain its cooking fire from gas funnelled from the springs.